Cable Conductors: Copper vs. Aluminium
In this blog you’ll learn about Power over Ethernet (PoE) standards and protocols. You’ll also gain an understanding of their applications, benefits, and key considerations for implementing efficient and scalable network solutions.
What is PoE?
Power over Ethernet (PoE) is technology that passes electrical power, along with data, over copper twisted pair Ethernet cables to Powered Devices (PD’s). It enables a single cable to provide both a data connection and direct current (DC) electricity to power devices on networks that can include:
- IP surveillance cameras
- Industrial gateways and controllers
- LED lighting
- VoIP phones
- Wireless access points
- Retail POS terminals
- Other IoT devices and sensors
It offers options for how and where Ethernet end devices can be placed, and ultimately it eliminates the need for separate power supplies and outlets.
Benefits of PoE
Power over Ethernet is vital in modern networking as it delivers several advantages:
Safety
Intelligent power delivery through using PoE prevents overloading, underpowering, and incorrect installation across network equipment. The risks associated with working with high voltage power sources are also removed.
Time & cost savings
With PoE, network cables don’t have to be installed by a qualified electrician, and less power outlets are required per device, which lowers total installation time. The result is lower energy consumption, labour, and capital outlay costs.
Flexibility
Not being tethered to electrical outlets, flexibility increases to locate devices in ideal positions - such as security cameras, and to relocate them quickly and easily if required.
Reliability
PoE power is supplied from a central, universally compatible source, as opposed to wall adaptors. If required, it can be backed up with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which enables continuous operation even during power outages. Devices can also be disabled or reset with ease from a centralised controller.
Scalability
With power available across the PoE network, new devices can be installed quickly and effectively.
Ethernet standards
Introduced over 50 years ago the standard for PoE is part of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3 line-up of Ethernet Standards. Evolving over the years, each subsequent iteration has delivered more DC power to support devices requiring more energy, which can be seen here:
In terms of transmitting the power, Powered Source Equipment (PSE) devices such as PoE Switches, Injectors, and Extenders/Repeaters are used in PoE systems. They’re capable of powering downstream devices with either an equal or lower power level than the sourcing capability. For example, a Type 2 compliant PSE can power both Type 2 and Type 1 devices.
Safety
Many safety considerations are defined by the IEEE standards. Multiple classification and detection levels occur between the PSE and the PD before the full voltage and power are permitted to be transmitted through the system. This safeguards non-PoE devices and non-compliant PD’s from high voltage damage.
Furthermore, if the PSE can’t provide the full power that the PD needs, no connection will be established. A valid detection and classification have to be provided for the PSE to power the network port. Having established a valid PSE and PD link, protection at both ends ensures that these devices are operating within the limits of the IEEE standard. Voltage and current are monitored through the Ethernet link, and terminated if overcurrent or overvoltage are detected. The link is then re-established by auto detection once the fault has been removed.
Practical applications of PoE
Bluetooth is often dominant ‘go to’ solution for smart building systems across commercial, industrial, and domestic applications, without consideration for PoE. However, as we’ve seen above, this risks overlooking the numerous advantages and widespread applications of PoE that enables flexible and cost-effective deployments. In practice, PoE has the ability to deliver benefits across many markets and industries. These include:
- Outdoor and remote deployments
- Surveillance systems
- Medical & healthcare applications
- Hospitality and guest services
- In-store signage & point-of-sale
Whilst Bluetooth certainly has its place – predominantly in regular domestic settings, it’s just not suitable for industrial and commercial use in most cases due to its potential for chaos (e.g. random voice activation) and security challenges.
By contrast, PoE is the ideal solution, catering for various aspects of everyday life. For example:
Security & surveillance
The operation of door locks, security cameras, and other access devices is firmly in the hands of building managers and security teams in real time with connected control. PoE ensures reliable connectivity, eliminating systems malfunction, Wi-Fi dropout, and signal interception.
Lighting control
Building managers enjoy total control with customisable lighting settings, which in turn can help to regulate energy consumption. From singular adjustments such as brightness, to the automation of lighting schedules, the connected system approach of PoE provides effortless flexibility.
Climate control
Smart thermostats within a PoE system enable building managers to control conditions and optimise energy usage across heating and cooling applications. Integrated with smart devices like weather data and occupancy sensors, the system delivers optimal efficiency.
Futureproofing with PoE
The flexibility of PoE ensures that the infrastructure remains future-proof. New technologies and devices are emerging all of the time, but PoE can adjust to them without the need for changes or upgrades within the existing system. With the capability to handle assorted devices, varying power needs, and differing data requirements, PoE is clearly the forerunner from an investment point-of-view, especially when it comes to meeting sustainability and growth needs too.
In conclusion
Power over Ethernet (PoE) has been a game changer for connectivity and powering the Internet of Things (IoT). The ability to send both power and data to a device securely through a single Ethernet cable is why integrators, installers, and end users alike embrace the technology. It eliminates the need for a separate power cable and power source for every device, provides security protection, enhances flexibility and control, and it’s easy to install.
With easier device installation, the elimination of the need to hire an electrician to wire outlets in hard-to-reach places, and fewer points of potential failure due to reduced equipment and cabling, the savings with PoE can be very significant. PoE is undoubtedly a serious contender for every device network project.
Need technical help & advice to choose the right cable for your project? Talk to our dedicated Webro Team for expert advice, sales@webro.com or call 0115 972 4483. Or you can get in touch.
